{"id":2237,"date":"2024-11-18T17:10:54","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T17:10:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rezidence-klanovce.cz\/?p=2237"},"modified":"2024-11-18T17:13:43","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T17:13:43","slug":"jachymov-v-zajimavych-datech","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rezidence-klanovce.cz\/en\/jachymov-v-zajimavych-datech\/","title":{"rendered":"J\u00c1CHYMOV THROUGH INTERESTING DATES"},"content":{"rendered":"

1300<\/strong> \u2013 The first written mention of the village appears in connection with the colonization activity of the Premonstratensian Monastery in Tepl\u00e1, when the settlement of Conradsgr\u00fcn was founded with an iron hammer and insignificant silver mining.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1516<\/strong> \u2013 The town of J\u00e1chymov was founded on the ruins of the vanished Conradsgr\u00fcn after a large silver deposit was discovered. \u0160t\u011bp\u00e1n \u0160lik became the founder, and the \u0160lik family initiated silver mining, with 400 houses built near the mines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1517<\/strong> \u2013 The town was renamed \"Valley of St. Joachim \/ Sankt Joachimsthal.\" From 1517<\/strong> Count \u0160t\u011bp\u00e1n \u0160lik and his brothers held sovereignty over the entire \"valley.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1519<\/strong> \u2013 The first J\u00e1chymov silver thaler (Joachimstaler) was minted, weighing about a troy ounce. The J\u00e1chymov thaler gave its name to all thalers (Taler) and subsequently to the dollar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1520<\/strong> \u2013 The \u0160lik family, to whom J\u00e1chymov belonged as a pledge estate, was granted the right to mint coins. J\u00e1chymov was elevated to a free mining town by King Louis II of Hungary. Above the town, the \u0160lik family built the Freudenstein Castle, intended to protect the town.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1525<\/strong> \u2013 The Svornost Mine is the oldest continuously operated mine in Europe and was the first and long the only mine in the world to extract radium. During WWII, uranium mining took place here, employing Soviet POWs. Under Communist rule, political and other prisoners were primarily used as labor in these mines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1528<\/strong> \u2013 The town had no owner after \u0160t\u011bp\u00e1n \u0160lik was declared dead, and the new Czech King Ferdinand I reclaimed the minting privilege under the exclusive control of the Crown. The \u0160lik family continued minting coins as royal agents until 1528<\/strong> the \u0160lik thaler minting ceased.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1535<\/strong> \u2013 About 1200 houses and approximately 18,000 residents made J\u00e1chymov the second most populous city in the Kingdom of Bohemia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1540<\/strong> \u2013 The Saxon Noblemen\u2019s Adit, today\u2019s Bratrstv\u00ed Adit, was constructed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Year 1547<\/strong> After losing the war against the Habsburgs, the \u0160lik family lost all their rights to J\u00e1chymov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1601<\/strong> \u2013 The town declined after the main silver reserves were depleted, and the number of houses fell below 500. Many temporary miners' dwellings disappeared, and the population dropped to about 2000.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1621<\/strong> \u2013 Following defeat at the Battle of White Mountain, Joachim Andreas \u0160lik (great-grandson of the town\u2019s founder) was executed in Prague\u2019s Old Town Square. In the same year, the re-Catholicization of the town began, leading to many Protestant residents and miners emigrating to nearby Saxony.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1634<\/strong> \u2013 Freudenstein Castle (\u0160lik\u2019s Castle) was damaged by artillery fire and burned down during the Swedish army's siege of the town.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1792<\/strong> \u2013 The current Rovnost Mine was founded under the name Rudolf's Pit (after Emperor Rudolf II). The name \"Rovnost\" was introduced after WWII, with the formation of the Rovnost I mining company under the J\u00e1chymov Mines enterprise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

19th century<\/strong> \u2013 The town served as the seat of the district administration, district court, and mining and smelting administration. At that time, mining remained relatively significant, carried out by both state and private companies. Besides silver, nickel, bismuth, and uranium ore were also mined. The town also housed a royal and imperial tobacco factory employing around 1000 women, glove manufacturing, a cork factory producing stoppers, and bobbin lace-making. On March 31, 1873,<\/strong> the town was nearly destroyed by fire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1898<\/strong> \u2013 Marie and Pierre Curie succeeded in discovering the highly radioactive element radium 1905<\/strong> Viennese physicists discovered that the mine water contained radon \u2013 a gaseous decay product of radium. 1910<\/strong> Marie Curie-Sk\u0142odowska successfully isolated radium together with polonium from the waste material of J\u00e1chymov's uranium dye factory. 1925<\/strong> Marie Curie-Sk\u0142odowska visited this fateful town, descending into the Svornost Mine, where radon-rich springs rise. She toured the spa, expressed interest in medical applications of radium, and opposed some of its uses. 1934<\/strong> She herself suffered from health issues due to radioactivity, which likely contributed to the illness that led to her death.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1906<\/strong> \u2013 The world's first radon spa was established in J\u00e1chymov, where the miraculous mine water alleviated pain, refreshed the body, and promoted healing. Visitors enjoyed radon baths, radium compresses, radiation exposure, and radon injections. The local brewery brewed Radium-Beer, and the soda factory bottled Radium-Perle. As a souvenir, cured guests could take home St. Joachimsthal Radium-Soap from the local soap factory. Anything radioactive was \"in.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1939 - 1962<\/strong> \u2013 Uranium ore mines were constructed or reconstructed (mines containing uraninite \u2013 Svornost, Rovnost, Bratrstv\u00ed, Mari\u00e1nsk\u00e1, Eduard, etc.), and uranium extraction primarily served the nuclear projects of the Nazis and later the Communists, extracting about 8000 tons of uranium. Under Nazi occupation and later socialism, labor camps were established at these mines, where prisoners (especially political ones) served as cheap labor. Despite mining development, the town\u2019s urbanism declined. In 1930<\/strong> , J\u00e1chymov had 926 houses and 5,954 inhabitants; by 1991<\/strong> , it had 622 houses and 2,456 inhabitants. Many valuable historical buildings were lost, while others fell into disrepair. Today, except for Svornost, the mines are no longer operational. The Eduard mine area now hosts a sports complex with a biathlon shooting range.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1957<\/strong> J\u00e1chymov lost its railway line to nearby Ostrov, which had been built in 1896<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1993<\/strong> \u2013 J\u00e1chymov was home to a test trolleybus track, where trolleybuses manufactured by \u0160koda in Ostrov were tested. After \u0160koda ceased production, 2004<\/strong> the track was dismantled.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1300 – prvn\u00ed p\u00edsemn\u00e1 zm\u00ednka o obci v souvislosti s koloniza\u010dn\u00ed \u010dinnost\u00ed Kl\u00e1\u0161tera premonstr\u00e1t\u016f v Tepl\u00e9, kdy byla zalo\u017eena osada Conradsgr\u00fcn s \u017eelezn\u00fdm hamrem a nev\u00fdznamnou t\u011b\u017ebou st\u0159\u00edbra. 1516 – m\u011bsto J\u00e1chymov bylo zalo\u017eeno na trosk\u00e1ch zanikl\u00e9ho Conradsgr\u00fcnu pot\u00e9, co zde bylo objeveno velk\u00e9 nalezi\u0161t\u011b st\u0159\u00edbra. \u0160t\u011bp\u00e1n \u0160lik se stal zakladatelem. \u0160likov\u00e9 rozb\u011bhli t\u011b\u017ebu st\u0159\u00edbra […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2238,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2237","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-cs"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rezidence-klanovce.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2237","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rezidence-klanovce.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rezidence-klanovce.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rezidence-klanovce.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rezidence-klanovce.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2237"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.rezidence-klanovce.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2237\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2239,"href":"https:\/\/www.rezidence-klanovce.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2237\/revisions\/2239"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rezidence-klanovce.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2238"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rezidence-klanovce.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2237"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rezidence-klanovce.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2237"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rezidence-klanovce.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2237"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}